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Shivaji (1630–1680) was a Maratha aristocrat of the Bhonsle clan and was the founder of the Maratha state. [25] Shivaji led a resistance against the Sultanate of Bijapur in 1645 by winning the fort Torna, followed by many more forts, placing the area under his control and establishing Hindavi Swarajya (self-rule of Hindu people [24]).
The Maratha Clan System (also referred to as Shahannava Kuli Marathas, 96 Kuli Marathas) refers to the 96 Maratha clans. The clans together form the Maratha caste of India . These Marathas primarily reside in the Indian state of Maharashtra , with smaller regional populations in other states.
The term Maratha referred broadly to all the speakers of the Marathi language. [33] [3] In the 17th century, it also served as a designation for peasants from the Deccan Plateau who served as soldiers in the armies of Muslim rulers and later in the armies of Shivaji. Thus, the term Maratha became a marker of an endogamous caste for them. [34]
A Maratha Durbar showing the Chief and the nobles (Sardars, Jagirdars, Istamuradars & Mankaris) of the state. This is a list of Maratha dynasties and Maratha princely states. The word Maratha is derived from the word Maharatthi - Maharatta. [1] The Rathikas were the mighty people of Maharashtra. The Rathikas were also called Rashtriks.
By 1670s, Shivaji had acquired extensive territory and wealth from his campaigns. [5] [11] But, lacking a formal crown, he had no operational legitimacy to rule his de facto domain and technically, remained subject to his Mughal (or Deccan Sultanate) overlords; in the hierarchy of power, Shivaji's position remained similar to fellow Maratha chieftains.
Members of the More Maratha clan as well as the Mahar clan use the clan name as their surname. The totem associated with the clan is a peacock. Members of the Mahar clan worshipping the same Totem cannot intermarry. [1] [2] 'More' is also an exogamous clan in the Bhils of Maharashtra. [3]
Managed to extend the Maratha territories into most of North-West, East and Central India. Captured Attock on the banks of the Indus River and Peshawar in 1758 in the Battle of Attock, 1758. Under his leadership, the Maratha Empire reached its peak but his general and cousin lost the Third Battle of Panipat against Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761 ...
Dhanaji Jadhav (1650[1]–1708), Commander-in-chief of Maratha forces under Rajaram and Tarabai, who led the fight against the Mughal Empire. Khanderao Dabhade ( –1729), Commander-in-chief who led the Marathas into Gujarat. Mahadaji Shinde (1730–1792), Maratha ruler of the state of Gwalior in central India.