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  2. Theory of constraints - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_constraints

    Constraints can be internal or external to the system. An internal constraint is in evidence when the market demands more from the system than it can deliver. If this is the case, then the focus of the organization should be on discovering that constraint and following the five focusing steps to open it up (and potentially remove it).

  3. Principle of minimum energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_minimum_energy

    As a concrete example of unconstrained internal variables, we might have a chemical reaction in which there are two types of particle, an A atom and an A 2 molecule. If N 1 {\displaystyle N_{1}} and N 2 {\displaystyle N_{2}} are the respective particle numbers for these particles, then the internal constraint is that the total number of A atoms ...

  4. Social control theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_control_theory

    Another early form of the theory was proposed by Reiss (1951) [3] who defined delinquency as, "...behavior consequent to the failure of personal and social controls." ." Personal control was defined as, "...the ability of the individual to refrain from meeting needs in ways which conflict with the norms and rules of the community" while social control was, "...the ability of social groups or ...

  5. Political freedom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_freedom

    The concept can also include freedom from internal constraints on political action or speech such as social conformity, consistency, or inauthentic behaviour. [8] The concept of political freedom is closely connected with the concepts of civil liberties and human rights , which in democratic societies are usually afforded legal protection from ...

  6. Control theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_theory

    A particular robustness issue is the requirement for a control system to perform properly in the presence of input and state constraints. In the physical world every signal is limited. It could happen that a controller will send control signals that cannot be followed by the physical system, for example, trying to rotate a valve at excessive speed.

  7. Zero-intelligence trader - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-intelligence_trader

    Alternatively, the constraints may be internal to the trader. Not bidding more than the value of the resource to the trader, and not asking less than the cost of the resource to the trader are examples of such internal constraints. Under either interpretation, ZI traders use minimal intelligence in choosing their actions in markets. [1]

  8. Kantian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantian_ethics

    While Friedrich Schiller appreciated Kant for basing the source of morality on a person's reason rather than on God, he also criticized Kant for not going far enough in the conception of autonomy, as the internal constraint of reason would also take away a person's autonomy by going against their sensuous self. Schiller introduced the concept ...

  9. Essential matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_matrix

    The above determination of and assumes that satisfy the internal constraints of the essential matrix. If this is not the case which, for example, typically is the case if E {\displaystyle \mathbf {E} } has been estimated from real (and noisy) image data, it has to be assumed that it approximately satisfy the internal constraints.