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A tree structure, tree diagram, or tree model is a way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form. It is named a "tree structure" because the classic representation resembles a tree , although the chart is generally upside down compared to a biological tree, with the "stem" at the top and the "leaves" at the bottom.
In many species with spirally arranged leaves, such as Abies grandis (pictured), the leaf bases are twisted to present the leaves in a very flat plane for maximum light capture. Leaf size varies from 2 mm in many scale-leaved species, up to 400 mm long in the needles of some pines (e.g. Apache pine, Pinus engelmannii ).
A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus Pinus (/ ˈ p aɪ n ə s /) [2] of the family Pinaceae. Pinus is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae.. World Flora Online accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as current, with additional synonyms, [3] and Plants of the World Online 126 species-rank taxa (113 species and 13 nothospecies), [4] making it ...
Pinus monophylla, the single-leaf pinyon, (alternatively spelled piñon) is a pine in the pinyon pine group, native to North America. The range is in southernmost Idaho , western Utah , Arizona , southwest New Mexico , Nevada , eastern and southern California and northern Baja California .
It also transports water and nutrients from the roots to the aerial parts of the tree, and distributes the food produced by the leaves to all other parts, including the roots. [ 62 ] In the case of angiosperms and gymnosperms, the outermost layer of the trunk is the bark , mostly composed of dead cells of phellem (cork). [ 63 ]
Members of the family Pinaceae are trees (rarely shrubs) growing from 2 to 100 metres (7 to 300 feet) tall, mostly evergreen (except the deciduous Larix and Pseudolarix), resinous, monoecious, with subopposite or whorled branches, and spirally arranged, linear (needle-like) leaves. [3] The embryos of Pinaceae have three to 24 cotyledons.
Leaf persistence varies from two to four years in warmer climates, and up to nine years in subarctic regions. Seedlings up to one year old bear juvenile leaves; these are single (not in pairs), 2–3 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, flattened, with a serrated margin. [7] [9] [10] Mature open cones and seeds Roots of an old pine in Ystad ...
The height of the root is the height of the tree. The depth of a node is the length of the path to its root (i.e., its root path). Thus the root node has depth zero, leaf nodes have height zero, and a tree with only a single node (hence both a root and leaf) has depth and height zero.