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Typical mass-to-light ratios for galaxies range from 2 to 10 ϒ ☉ while on the largest scales, the mass to light ratio of the observable universe is approximately 100 ϒ ☉, in concordance with the current best fit cosmological model.
The mass/luminosity relation is important because it can be used to find the distance to binary systems which are too far for normal parallax measurements, using a technique called "dynamical parallax". [8] In this technique, the masses of the two stars in a binary system are estimated, usually in terms of the mass of the Sun.
Further indications of mass-to-light ratio anomalies came from measurements of galaxy rotation curves. In 1939, H.W. Babcock reported the rotation curve for the Andromeda nebula (now called the Andromeda Galaxy ), which suggested the mass-to-luminosity ratio increases radially. [ 33 ]
IC 1101's mass-to-light ratio has been described as being anomalously high. The galaxy also has a unique velocity dispersion profile, which indicates a massive dark matter halo. It accretes roughly 450 solar masses per year. The galaxy lacks nuclear emission in visible light at its center as well as signs of recent star formation. [27]
Prediction of the observed B-mode polarization of the CMB light due to primordial gravitational waves. [26] [2] Observations of H 2 O emission spectra from a galaxy 12.8 billion light years away consistent with molecules excited by cosmic background radiation much more energetic – 16-20K – than the CMB we observe now, 3K. [27] [2]
This yields a mass-to-light ratio of about 300 times that of the solar ratio (M ☉ /L ☉ = 1), a figure that is consistent with results obtained for other superclusters. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] By comparison, the mass-to-light ratio for the Milky Way is 63.8 assuming a solar absolute magnitude of 4.83, [ 15 ] a Milky Way absolute magnitude of −20.9 ...
[2] [4] Observations indicate its mass is about 600,000 solar masses, which means that Segue's 1 mass to light ratio is around 3400. [3] Segue 1 had the highest known mass-to-light ratio of any observed galaxy as of 2011. [3] A high mass to light ratio implies that Segue 1 may be dominated by dark matter. It is difficult, however, to estimate ...
The mass-to-light ratio is a near constant 9.5 in the V (visual) band of the UBV system. [6] The galaxy has an effective radius of 128″ (translating, at its distance, to about 10 kpc [6]), with an estimated mass of ~10 12 M ☉ within a threefold volume, of which nearly half is dark matter. [10]