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Arterial tortuosity syndrome exhibits autosomal recessive inheritance, and the responsible gene is located at chromosome 20q13. [ 6 ] [ 2 ] The gene associated with arterial tortuosity syndrome is SLC2A10 and has at least 23 mutations in those individuals found to have the aforementioned condition.
Coronary artery ectasia is characterized by the enlargement of a coronary artery to 1.5 times or more than its normal diameter. [1] The disease is commonly asymptomatic and is normally discovered when performing tests for other conditions such as coronary artery disease, stable angina and other acute coronary syndromes.
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a progressive type of coronary artery disease in people who have had a heart transplant. [1] As the donor heart has lost its nerve supply there is typically no chest pain, and CAV is usually detected on routine testing. [2]
Each year in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 735,000 people have a heart attack and 610,000 people die of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Coronary arteries are vessels supplying blood and nutrients to the heart muscle (). [1]Coronary arteries arise from ostia, openings of the aorta (the largest artery in the human body) at the upper third or middle third of the sinuses of Valsalva (the first part of the big pipe coming off the main pumping chamber).
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart.
The coronary arteries can constrict as a response to various stimuli, mostly chemical. This is known as a coronary reflex. There is also a rare condition known as spontaneous coronary artery dissection, in which the wall of one of the coronary arteries tears, causing severe pain. [10]
Coronary ischemia, myocardial ischemia, [1] or cardiac ischemia, [2] is a medical term for abnormally reduced blood flow in the coronary circulation through the coronary arteries. [3] Coronary ischemia is linked to heart disease , and heart attacks . [ 4 ]
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