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Accommodative insufficiency (AI) involves the inability of the eye to focus properly on an object. Accommodation is the adjustment of the curvature of the lens to focus on objects near and far. In this condition, amplitude of accommodation of a person is lesser compared to physiological limits for his age. [ 1 ]
Symptoms: Near blur, Distance and near blur, Asthenopia [2] Complications: Accommodative dysfunction, binocular dysfunction, amblyopia, strabismus [3] Causes: Axial length of eyeball is too short, lens or cornea is flatter than normal, aphakia [2] Risk factors: Ageing, hereditary [2] Diagnostic method: Eye exam: Differential diagnosis
The symptoms and signs associated with convergence insufficiency are related to prolonged, visually demanding, near-centered tasks. They may include, but are not limited to, diplopia (double vision), asthenopia (eye strain), transient blurred vision, difficulty sustaining near-visual function, abnormal fatigue, headache, and abnormal postural adaptation, among others.
A spasm of accommodation (also known as a ciliary spasm, an accommodation, or accommodative spasm) is a condition in which the ciliary muscle of the eye remains in a constant state of contraction. Normal accommodation allows the eye to "accommodate" for near-vision. However, in a state of perpetual contraction, the ciliary muscle cannot relax ...
Accommodative infacility also known as accommodative inertia [1] is the inability to change the accommodation of the eye with enough speed and accuracy to achieve normal function. This can result in visual fatigue , headaches , and difficulty reading . [ 2 ]
Accommodative insufficiency is the condition where amplitude of accommodation of a person is lesser compared to physiological limits for their age. [50] Premature sclerosis of lens or ciliary muscle weaknesses due to systemic or local cases may cause accommodative insufficiency. [ 50 ]
Accommodative excess may occur secondary to convergence insufficiency also. In convergence insufficiency near point of convergence will recede, and positive fusional vergence (PFV) will reduce. So, the patient uses excessive accommodation to stimulate accommodative convergence to overcome reduced PFV.
The test should be negative in patients with ptosis or diplopia of other etiologies. Bienfang's test can help differentiate OMG from other causes of ptosis. For example, although most cases of acquired ptosis in older adults are due to dehiscence of the levator aponeurosis, [8] OMG, which can affect the elderly, [9] cannot be entirely ruled out ...