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  2. Oxidative deamination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_deamination

    Oxidative deamination is a form of deamination that generates α-keto acids and other oxidized products from amine-containing compounds, and occurs primarily in the liver. [1] Oxidative deamination is stereospecific, meaning it contains different stereoisomers as reactants and products; this process is either catalyzed by L or D- amino acid ...

  3. Deamination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deamination

    Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. [1] Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are called deaminases. In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver; however, it can also occur in the kidney. In situations of excess protein intake, deamination is used to break down amino acids for energy.

  4. Keto acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keto_acid

    They often arise by oxidative deamination of amino acids, and reciprocally, they are precursors to the same. Alpha-keto acids possesses extensive chemistry as acylation agents. [3] Furthermore, alpha-keto acids such as phenylpyruvic acid are endogenous sources for carbon monoxide (as a gasotransmitter) and pharmaceutical prodrug scaffold. [4]

  5. Protein catabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_catabolism

    Oxidative deamination is the first step to breaking down the amino acids so that they can be converted to sugars. The process begins by removing the amino group of the amino acids. The amino group becomes ammonium as it is lost and later undergoes the urea cycle to become urea, in the liver. It is then released into the blood stream, where it ...

  6. Monoamine oxidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase

    Monoamine oxidases catalyze the oxidative deamination of monoamines. In the first part of the reaction, cofactor FAD oxidizes the substrate yielding the corresponding imine which converts the cofactor into its reduced form FADH2. The imine is then non-enzymatically hydrolyzed to the corresponding ketone (or aldehyde) and ammonia.

  7. DNA oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_oxidation

    DNA oxidation is the process of oxidative damage of deoxyribonucleic acid.As described in detail by Burrows et al., [1] 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) is the most common oxidative lesion observed in duplex DNA because guanine has a lower one-electron reduction potential than the other nucleosides in DNA.

  8. Catabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolism

    Examples of catabolic processes include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, the breakdown of muscle protein in order to use amino acids as substrates for gluconeogenesis, the breakdown of fat in adipose tissue to fatty acids, and oxidative deamination of neurotransmitters by monoamine oxidase.

  9. DNA damage (naturally occurring) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_damage_(naturally...

    Oxidative DNA damage can produce more than 20 types of altered bases [10] [11] as well as single strand breaks. [ 12 ] Other types of endogeneous DNA damages, given below with their frequencies of occurrence, include depurinations , depyrimidinations , double-strand breaks , O6-methylguanines , and cytosine deamination .