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Senators, equestrians, and the first class held 88 centuriae; the 2 lowest classes held only 30 centuriae, and the lowest class—the proletarii—held only 1. [17] Much of the Roman population was disenfranchised because they either lacked the legal ability to vote due to non-citizenship or because they lacked the practical capacity to deliver ...
Within Roman law there was a set of practices for freeing trusted slaves, granting them a limited form of Roman citizenship or Latin rights. These freed slaves were known in Latin as liberti ( freedmen ), and formed a class set apart from freeborn Romans.
Throughout the Roman world, ceramics, lamps, gems and jewellery, mosaics, reliefs, wall paintings and statuary offer evidence, sometimes the best evidence, of the clothing, props, equipment, names, events, prevalence and rules of gladiatorial combat. Earlier periods provide only occasional, perhaps exceptional examples.
Vindolanda, a fort on the Stanegate Roman road pre-dating Hadrian's Wall nearby, with exceptional Roman finds in its museum; Vindobala, Roman fort at Rudchester; Whitley Castle, also known as Epiacum, a Roman fort at the southern edge of Northumberland on the Maiden Way Roman road, with remarkable earthen ramparts
Roman mosaic from Dougga, Tunisia (2nd/3rd century AD): two large slaves carrying wine jars each wear an amulet against the evil eye on a necklace, with one in a loincloth (left) and the other in an exomis; [1] the young slave to the left carries water and towels, and the one on the right a bough and a basket of flowers [2]