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Anterior shoulder dislocation while carrying a frail elder. A dislocated shoulder is a condition in which the head of the humerus is detached from the glenoid fossa. [2] Symptoms include shoulder pain and instability. [2] Complications may include a Bankart lesion, Hill-Sachs lesion, rotator cuff tear, or injury to the axillary nerve. [1]
The light bulb sign is a radiological finding observed on plain radiographs in the context of posterior shoulder dislocation. [1] It refers to the abnormal, rounded appearance of the humeral head, which resembles a "light bulb," due to internal rotation of the arm following dislocation.
Dislocations can occur in any major joint (shoulder, knees, hips) or minor joint (toes, fingers). The most common joint dislocation is a shoulder dislocation. [1] The treatment for joint dislocation is usually by closed reduction, that is, skilled manipulation to return the bones to their normal position. Only trained medical professionals ...
These nerves originate in the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical (C5–C8), and first thoracic (T1) spinal nerves, and innervate the muscles and skin of the chest, shoulder, arm and hand. [1] [2] [3] Brachial plexus injuries can occur as a result of shoulder trauma (e.g. dislocation [4]), tumours, or inflammation, or obstetric.
While the Latarjet procedure can be used for surgical treatment of most cases of shoulder dislocations or subluxation, it is particularly indicated in cases with bone defects. [4] The failure rate following arthroscopic Bankart repair has been shown to dramatically increase from 4% to 67% in patients with significant bone loss. [5]
Its presence is a specific sign of dislocation and can thus be used as an indicator that dislocation has occurred even if the joint has regained its normal alignment. Large, engaging Hill-Sachs fractures can contribute to shoulder instability and will often cause painful clicking, catching, or popping.
Axillary nerve palsy is a neurological condition in which the axillary (also called circumflex) nerve has been damaged by shoulder dislocation. It can cause weak deltoid and sensory loss below the shoulder. [1] Since this is a problem with just one nerve, it is a type of Peripheral neuropathy called mononeuropathy. [2]
Localized pain on the anterior shoulder suggests subacromial impingement, whereas posterior shoulder pain suggests internal impingement. [45] For the diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tear, the best combination appears to include once more the painful arc and weakness in external rotation, and in addition, the drop arm sign . [ 42 ]