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Diagram of a chemical synaptic connection. In the nervous system, a synapse [1] is a structure that allows a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or a target effector cell. Synapses can be classified as either chemical or electrical, depending on the mechanism of signal transmission between neurons.
A diagram of the proteins found in the active zone. The active zone is present in all chemical synapses examined so far and is present in all animal species. The active zones examined so far have at least two features in common, they all have protein dense material that project from the membrane and tethers synaptic vesicles close to the membrane and they have long filamentous projections ...
In immunology, an immunological synapse (or immune synapse) is the interface between an antigen-presenting cell or target cell and a lymphocyte such as a T cell, B cell, or natural killer cell. The interface was originally named after the neuronal synapse , with which it shares the main structural pattern. [ 1 ]
A diagram of a typical central nervous system synapse. ... or loss of brain function, and was first described by German psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois ...
The number of synapses in the human cerebral cortex has separately been estimated at 0.15 quadrillion (150 trillion) [3] The word "synapse" was introduced by Sir Charles Scott Sherrington in 1897. [4] Chemical synapses are not the only type of biological synapse: electrical and immunological synapses also exist. Without a qualifier, however ...
Electrical synapses make direct electrical connections between neurons, [41] but chemical synapses are much more common, and much more diverse in function. [42] At a chemical synapse, the cell that sends signals is called presynaptic, and the cell that receives signals is called postsynaptic.
There are four principal types of neural circuits that are responsible for a broad scope of neural functions. These circuits are a diverging circuit, a converging circuit, a reverberating circuit, and a parallel after-discharge circuit. [8] In a diverging circuit, one neuron synapses with a number of postsynaptic cells.
An electrical synapse, or gap junction, is a mechanical and electrically conductive synapse, a functional junction between two neighboring neurons. The synapse is formed at a narrow gap between the pre- and postsynaptic neurons known as a gap junction .