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IMMSIM, in the authors' minds, was built around the idea of developing a computerized system to perform experiments similar to the real laboratory in vivo and in vivo experiments; a tool developed and maintained to help biologists to test theories and hypothesis about how the immune system works. They called it "in Machina" or "in silico ...
Cells of the innate immune system recognize the presence of a growing tumor which has undergone stromal remodeling, causing local tissue damage. This is followed by the induction of inflammatory signals which is essential for recruiting cells of the innate immune system (e.g. natural killer cells , natural killer T cells, macrophages and ...
The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases. It detects and responds to a wide variety of pathogens, from viruses to bacteria, as well as cancer cells, parasitic worms, and also objects such as wood splinters, distinguishing them from the organism's own healthy tissue. Many species have two major ...
The immune network theory is a theory of how the adaptive immune system works, that has been developed since 1974 mainly by Niels Jerne [1] and Geoffrey W. Hoffmann. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The theory states that the immune system is an interacting network of lymphocytes and molecules that have variable (V) regions.
Antigen presentation is a vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing must occur before the antigen fragment can be recognized by a T-cell receptor.
The history of immunology and the medical study of the immune system dates back to the 19th century. The first Nobel Prize in the field of immunogenetics was awarded to Baruj Benacerraf, Jean Dausset and George Davis Snell in 1980 for discovering genetically determined cellular surface structures, which control immunological reactions.
The adaptive immune system and antigen-specific receptor generation (TCR, antibodies) are responsible for adaptive immune memory. [ citation needed ] After the inflammatory immune response to danger-associated antigen, some of the antigen-specific T cells and B cells persist in the body and become long-living memory T and B cells .
Systems immunology is a research field under systems biology that uses mathematical approaches and computational methods to examine the interactions within cellular and molecular networks of the immune system. [1] The immune system has been thoroughly analyzed as regards to its components and function by using a "reductionist" approach, but its ...