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A haltija (haltia) is a spirit, gnome, or elf-like creature in Finnish mythology that guards, helps, or protects something or somebody. The word is possibly derived from the Gothic haltijar , which referred to the original settler of a homestead—although this is not the only possible etymology.
In Finnish folklore, all places and things, and also human beings, have a haltija (a genius, guardian spirit) of their own. One such haltija is called etiäinen—an image, doppelgänger, or just an impression that goes ahead of a person, doing things the person in question later does. For example, people waiting for someone at home might hear ...
The word could also be translated to mean folk or people. [8] The word väki also has a meaning of "strength, power", [9] although in modern usage it mainly occurs as a modifier as in väkiviina "strong liquor". The term refers to both physical and magical power. The term väki is also used for a haltija [10] or a group of them. This article ...
Serbo-Croatian vernacular has over time borrowed and adopted a lot of words of Turkish origin. The Ottoman conquest of the Balkans began a linguistical contact between Ottoman Turkish and South Slavic languages, a period of influence since at least the late 14th up until the 20th century, when large terriotories of Shtokavian-speaking areas became conquered and made into provinces of the ...
Huginn and Muninn – pair of ravens associated with the Norse god Odin whose names mean Thought and Memory; Huldufólk (Icelandic/Faroese) – secret mound/rock dwelling elves; Hulder (Scandinavian) – forest spirit; Huli jing – nine-tailed fox spirit; Huma – regenerative fire bird; Humbaba – lion-faced giant
The word hengetön (lit. "one without henki") can be used as a synonym for dead in the Finnish language even now. Henki share several similarities with the Norse idea of Andi which carry almost identical basic meaning. Luonto (translated as "nature") was a guardian spirit or protector. Luonto has also been referred to as the haltija of a person.
The term tylwyth teg is first attested in a poem attributed to the 14th-century Dafydd ap Gwilym, in which the principal character gets perilously but comically lost while going to visit his girlfriend: "Hudol gwan yn ehedeg, / hir barthlwyth y Tylwyth Teg" ("(The) weak enchantment (now) flees, / (the) long burden of the Tylwyth Teg (departs) into the mist").
Setsuyōshū has a parallel with Webster's informally meaning "English language dictionary". Nakao notes this dictionary "remained popular for so long that the name Setsuyoshu was used as a generic term for Japanese dictionaries (with the entries arranged in the order of iroha)". [3]