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The Neutron Star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER) is a NASA telescope on the International Space Station, designed and dedicated to the study of the extraordinary gravitational, electromagnetic, and nuclear physics environments embodied by neutron stars, exploring the exotic states of matter where density and pressure are higher than in atomic nuclei.
PSR J0740+6620 is a neutron star in a binary system with a white dwarf, located 4,600 light years away in the Milky Way galaxy.It was discovered in 2019, by astronomers using the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia, U.S., and confirmed as a rapidly rotating millisecond pulsar.
Pressure increases accordingly, from about 3.2 × 10 31 Pa (32 QPa) at the inner crust to 1.6 × 10 34 Pa in the center. [26] A neutron star is so dense that one teaspoon (5 milliliters) of its material would have a mass over 5.5 × 10 12 kg, about 900 times the mass of the Great Pyramid of Giza.
NASA described the star as "a rapidly spinning neutron star which is spewing energy out into the space around it to create complex and intriguing structures, including one that resembles a large cosmic hand". [6] It is also known by the name "Hand of God". [7] This phenomenon is called pareidolia.
PSR J0952–0607 is a massive millisecond pulsar in a binary system, located between 3,200–5,700 light-years (970–1,740 pc) from Earth in the constellation Sextans. [6] It holds the record for being the most massive neutron star known as of 2022, with a mass 2.35 ± 0.17 times that of the Sun—potentially close to the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff mass upper limit for neutron stars.
SGR 1806−20 is a magnetar, a type of neutron star with a very powerful magnetic field, that was discovered in 1979 and identified as a soft gamma repeater.SGR 1806−20 is located about 13 kiloparsecs (42,000 light-years) [1] from Earth on the far side of the Milky Way in the constellation of Sagittarius.
The Hulse–Taylor pulsar (known as PSR B1913+16, PSR J1915+1606 or PSR 1913+16) is a binary star system composed of a neutron star and a pulsar which orbit around their common center of mass. It is the first binary pulsar ever discovered.
Zooming in on the very faint neutron star RX J1856.5–3754 Hubble image of RX J1856.5−3754—the first direct observation of an isolated neutron star in visible light. RX J1856.5−3754 is thought to have formed in a supernova explosion of its companion star about one million years ago and is moving across the sky at 108 km/s.