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Political boundaries in Ireland in 1450, before the plantations. The first Plantations of Ireland occurred during the Tudor conquest.The Dublin Castle administration intended to pacify and anglicise Irish territories controlled by the Crown and incorporate the Gaelic Irish aristocracy into the English-controlled Kingdom of Ireland by using a policy of surrender and regrant.
Finally, the printing press, which had played a major role in disseminating Protestant ideas in Europe, came to Ireland very late. From the mid-16th and into the early 17th century, crown governments carried out a policy of colonisation known as Plantations .
Arthur Chichester, Lord Deputy of Ireland, one of the main planners of the Plantation. A colonization of Ulster had been proposed since the end of the Nine Years' War.The original proposals were smaller, involving planting settlers around key military posts and on church land, and would have included large land grants to native Irish lords who sided with the English during the war, such as ...
As plantation policy expanded to outlying districts including Sligo, Fermanagh and Monaghan, the English occupation of Ireland grew increasingly militaristic. The Counter-Reformation created an environment of anti-Protestantism within the native population which hindered English influence and led to a massive uprising ending in 1603.
A typical example of a colonial plantation was Providence Plantations, the first permanent European settlement in Rhode Island. [20] [21] Providence Plantations was established along the Providence River by Puritan minister Roger Williams and a small band of followers, who were fleeing religious persecution in Massachusetts Bay. [22]
Troops are deployed on the streets of Northern Ireland, marking the start of the Troubles. 1972: March: The Parliament of Northern Ireland is prorogued (and abolished later the following year). 1973: 1 January: Ireland joins the European Community along with the United Kingdom and Denmark. 1973: June: The Northern Ireland Assembly is elected ...
The first Lord of Ireland was King John, who visited Ireland in 1185 and 1210 and helped consolidate the Norman-controlled areas while ensuring that the many Irish kings swore fealty to him. Throughout the thirteenth century, the policy of the English Kings was to weaken the power of the Norman Lords in Ireland.
The Black Death rapidly spread along the major European sea and land trade routes. It reached Ireland in 1348 and decimated the Hiberno-Norman urban settlements. The fourth calamity for the medieval English presence in Ireland was the Black Death, which arrived in Ireland in 1348. Because most of the English and Norman inhabitants of Ireland ...