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  2. Cost reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_reduction

    Half cost strategies: ambitious strategies which aim to reduce the costs of specific production processes or value adding stages to 1/N of the previous cost. [7] Examples specifically focussed on the use of suppliers and the costs of goods and services supplied include: Supplier consolidation: see examples in the aerospace manufacturing industry

  3. Target costing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Target_costing

    Target costing is defined as "a disciplined process for determining and achieving a full-stream cost at which a proposed product with specified functionality, performance, and quality must be produced in order to generate the desired profitability at the product’s anticipated selling price over a specified period of time in the future."

  4. Stages of growth model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stages_of_growth_model

    Nolan's model concerns the general approach to IT in business. The model proposes that evolution of IT in organizations begins slowly in Stage I, the "initiation" stage. This stage is marked by "hands off" user awareness and an emphasis on functional applications to reduce costs. Stage I is followed by further growth of IT in the "contagion" stage.

  5. Cost breakdown analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_breakdown_analysis

    In business economics cost breakdown analysis is a method of cost analysis, which itemizes the cost of a certain product or service into its various components, the so-called cost drivers. The cost breakdown analysis is a popular cost reduction strategy and a viable opportunity for businesses. [1] [2] [3]

  6. Porter's five forces analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porter's_five_forces_analysis

    A graphical representation of Porter's five forces. Porter's Five Forces Framework is a method of analysing the competitive environment of a business. It draws from industrial organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and, therefore, the attractiveness (or lack thereof) of an industry in terms of its profitability.

  7. Value chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_chain

    For example, a manufacturer might require its parts suppliers to be located nearby its assembly plant to minimize the cost of transportation. By exploiting the upstream and downstream information flowing along the value chain, the firms may try to bypass the intermediaries creating new business models , or in other ways create improvements in ...

  8. Activity-based costing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activity-based_costing

    The cost driver is a factor that creates or drives the cost of the activity. For example, the cost of the activity of bank tellers can be ascribed to each product by measuring how long each product's transactions (cost driver) take at the counter and then by measuring the number of each type of transaction.

  9. Frugal innovation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frugal_innovation

    Frugal innovation or frugal engineering is the process of reducing the complexity and cost of a good and its production. Usually this refers to removing nonessential features from a durable good, such as a car or telephone, in order to sell it in developing countries.