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For example, in the Python programming language, int represents an arbitrary-precision integer which has the traditional numeric operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication. However, in the Java programming language , the type int represents the set of 32-bit integers ranging in value from −2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 ...
For example, in the following Java code: class Foo { public int a ; } Foo a = new Foo (); Foo b = a ; a . prop = 3 ; a = new Foo (); a . prop = 1 ; Foo is a reference type, where a is initially assigned a reference of a new object, and b is assigned to the same object reference, i.e. bound to the same object as a , therefore, changes through a ...
The Java virtual machine's set of primitive data types consists of: [12] byte, short, int, long, char (integer types with a variety of ranges) float and double, floating-point numbers with single and double precisions; boolean, a Boolean type with logical values true and false; returnAddress, a value referring to an executable memory address ...
Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})
Some programming languages such as Lisp, Python, Perl, Haskell, Ruby and Raku use, or have an option to use, arbitrary-precision numbers for all integer arithmetic. Although this reduces performance, it eliminates the possibility of incorrect results (or exceptions) due to simple overflow.
Conversely, precision can be lost when converting representations from integer to floating-point, since a floating-point type may be unable to exactly represent all possible values of some integer type. For example, float might be an IEEE 754 single precision type, which cannot represent the integer 16777217 exactly, while a 32-bit integer type ...
Very different and hard-to-compare scenarios arise from these two different approaches: static vs. dynamic compilations and recompilations, the availability of precise information about the runtime environment and others. Java is often compiled just-in-time at runtime by the Java virtual machine, but may also be compiled ahead-of-time, as is
Dhrystone's eventual importance as an indicator of general-purpose ("integer") performance of new computers made it a target for commercial compiler writers. Various modern compiler static code analysis techniques (such as elimination of dead code : for example, code which uses the processor but produces internal results which are not used or ...