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Angle of repose of a heap of sand Sandpile from the Matemateca collection. The angle of repose, or critical angle of repose, [1] of a granular material is the steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane on which the material can be piled without slumping. At this angle, the material on the slope face is on the verge of ...
The corner tanks are reinforced and serve another purpose besides controlling the ship's trim. Designers choose the angle of the corner tanks to be less than that of the angle of repose of the anticipated cargoes. [14] This greatly reduces side-to-side movement, or "shifting," of cargo which can endanger the ship. [14]
The mass of the contents depends upon the properties of the product being handled; its density, flow characteristics, angle of repose, lump/grain size, purity (e.g. is it wet or dry) and, in some cases, degree of settlement (e.g. a ship's cargo has compacted due to vibration, rolling, pitching and yawing over a long voyage).
This is a list of bulk carriers, both those in service and those which have ceased to operate. Bulk carriers are a type of cargo ship that transports unpackaged bulk cargo . For ships that have sailed under multiple names, their most recent name is used and former names are listed in the Notes section.
An ore-bulk-oil carrier, also known as combination carrier or OBO, is a ship designed to be capable of carrying wet or dry cargoes. The idea is to reduce the number of empty ( ballast ) voyages, in which large ships only carry a cargo one way and return empty for another.
A ship being loaded at Pier 86 Grain Terminal in Seattle Concrete grain storage silos. Bulk material handling is an engineering field that is centered on the design of equipment used for the handling of dry materials. Bulk materials are those dry materials which are powdery, granular or lumpy in nature, and are stored in heaps. [1]
Chinamax is a standard of ship measurements that allow conforming ships to use various harbours when fully laden, the maximum size of such a ship being 24 m (79 ft) draft, 65 m (213 ft) beam and 360 m (1,180 ft) length overall. [1] [2] An example of ships of this size is the Valemax bulk carriers.
The vertical/Z axis, or yaw axis, is an imaginary line running vertically through the ship and through its centre of mass. A yaw motion is a side-to side movement of the bow and stern of the ship. The transverse/Y axis, lateral axis, or pitch axis is an imaginary line running horizontally across the ship and through the centre of mass. A pitch ...