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The notochord is an elastic, rod-like structure found in chordates. In chordate vertebrates the notochord is an embryonic structure that disintegrates, as the vertebrae develop, to become the nucleus pulposus in the intervertebral discs of the vertebral column.
Mesoderm embryonic tissues (paraxial mesoderm, intermediate mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm and notochord). Also showing the neural tube and the yolk sac.
This forms the notochord, which induces the formation of the neural tube, and establishes the anterior-posterior body axis. The notochord extends beneath the neural tube from the head to the tail. The mesoderm moves to the midline until it covers the notochord. When the mesoderm cells proliferate, they form the paraxial mesoderm.
The chorda-mesoderm develops into the notochord. The intermediate mesoderm develops into kidneys and gonads. The paraxial mesoderm develops into cartilage, skeletal muscle, and dermis. The lateral plate mesoderm develops into the circulatory system (including the heart and spleen), the wall of the gut, and wall of the human body. [11]
A primary step in organogenesis for chordates is the development of the notochord, which induces the formation of the neural plate, and ultimately the neural tube in vertebrate development. The development of the neural tube will give rise to the brain and spinal cord. [1]
The neural crest is a ridge-like structure that is formed transiently between the epidermal ectoderm and neural plate during vertebrate development. Neural crest cells originate from this structure through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and in turn give rise to a diverse cell lineage—including melanocytes, craniofacial cartilage and bone, smooth muscle, dentin, peripheral and enteric ...
The notochord extends from the base of the head to the tail; with it extend thick bands of paraxial mesoderm. [ 3 ] As the primitive streak continues to regress, somites form from the paraxial mesoderm by "budding off" rostrally.
As development proceeds, the intermediate mesoderm differentiates sequentially along the anterior-posterior axis into three successive stages of the early mammalian and avian urogenital system, named pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros respectively (anamniote embryos form only a pronephros and mesonephros). [2]