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Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. [1] [2] This class of medicine works by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used medications are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), angiotensin II receptor blockers or antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.
Reflecting the critical role of zinc, ACE can be inhibited by metal-chelating agents. [14] ACE in complex with inhibitor lisinopril, zinc cation shown in grey, chloride anions in yellow. Based on PyMOL rendering of PDB 1o86. The picture shows that lisinopril is a competitive inhibitor, since it and angiotensin I are similar structurally.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. ACE inhibitors are drugs that can relax and open up your blood vessels. Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs). ... Vasodilators. These help to open ...
peripheral adrenergic inhibitors. vasodilators. ... (ACE) inhibitors. angiotensin receptor blockers. “Lifestyle and dietary changes are definitely first line approaches, but when these fail to ...
Hydralazine is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant and acts as a vasodilator primarily in resistance arterioles, also known as the smooth muscle of the arterial bed. The molecular mechanism involves inhibition of inositol trisphosphate-induced Ca 2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in arterial smooth muscle cells.
Inhibition of ACE with ACE inhibitors leads to decreased conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a vasoconstrictor) but also to an increase in bradykinin due to decreased degradation. This explains why some patients taking ACE inhibitors develop a dry cough, and some react with angioedema, a dangerous swelling of the head and neck region.
59272 70008 Ensembl ENSG00000130234 ENSMUSG00000015405 UniProt Q9BYF1 Q8R0I0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_021804 NM_001371415 NM_001130513 NM_027286 RefSeq (protein) NP_068576 NP_001358344 NP_001123985 NP_081562 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 15.56 – 15.6 Mb Chr X: 162.92 – 162.97 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an enzyme that can be found ...