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Patterns are typically rectangular in basic shape, and include the runway along one long side of the rectangle. Each leg of the pattern has a particular name: [3] Upwind leg. A flight path parallel to and in the direction of the landing runway. It is offset from the runway and opposite the downwind leg. Crosswind leg. A short climbing flight ...
Upwind_downwind_example.png (500 × 300 pixels, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/png) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below.
Windward is upwind from the point of reference, i.e., towards the direction from which the wind is coming; leeward is downwind from the point of reference, i.e., along the direction towards which the wind is going. The side of a ship that is towards the leeward is its "lee side".
the step-up canyon – a street canyon where the height of the upwind building is less than the height of the downwind building. The effect of a street canyon on local wind and air quality can greatly differ in different canyon geometries and this will be discussed in detail in sections below.
An overhead join is a conventional method for an aircraft to approach and safely land at an airfield. It helps a pilot to integrate with any air traffic pattern near an airfield, join any circuit, and land.
According to FAA's "Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge", "The 'upwind leg' is a course flown parallel to the landing runway, but in the same direction to the intended landing direction. The upwind leg continues past a point abeam of the departure end of the runway to where a medium bank 90 degrees turn is made onto the crosswind leg."
During takeoff and landing, an aircraft's wake sinks toward the ground and moves laterally away from the runway when the wind is calm. A three-to-five-knot (3–6 mph; 6–9 km/h) crosswind will tend to keep the upwind side of the wake in the runway area and may cause the downwind side to drift toward another runway. Since the wingtip vortices ...
Counter-rotating wind turbines Light pole wind turbine. Unconventional wind turbines are those that differ significantly from the most common types in use.. As of 2024, the most common type of wind turbine is the three-bladed upwind horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT), where the turbine rotor is at the front of the nacelle and facing the wind upstream of its supporting turbine tower.