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A network switch is a multiport network bridge that uses MAC addresses to forward data at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Some switches can also forward data at the network layer (layer 3) by additionally incorporating routing functionality. Such switches are commonly known as layer-3 switches or multilayer switches. [2]
4-port 10BASE-T Ethernet hub with selectable MDI-X/MDI port 8-port Ethernet hub with one 10BASE2 connector and eight 10BASE-T ports. An Ethernet hub, active hub, network hub, repeater hub, multiport repeater, or simply hub [a] is a network hardware device for connecting multiple Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment.
Up to 48 10 Gigabit ports or 576 Gigabit ports, with optional PoE. Switch 7900E - 4-, 5-, 8-, and 12-slot configurations with optional dual fabric modules. One model with 8 vertical slots. Of total slots, two reserved for fabrics. Backplane capacity 2.88 Terabit-per-second. Up to 24 10GE ports or 480 Gigabit ports, with optional PoE. [2]
Newer routers, hubs and switches (including some 10/100, and all 1-gigabit or 10-gigabit devices in practice) use auto MDI-X for 10/100 Mbit connections to automatically switch to the proper configuration once a cable is connected.
Exchanging cheap repeater hubs for more advanced switching hubs provided a viable upgrade path; Mixing different speeds in a single network became possible with the arrival of Fast Ethernet; Depending on cable grades, subsequent upgrading to Gigabit Ethernet or faster could be accomplished by replacing the network switches
A crossover cable may also be used to connect two hubs or two switches on their upstream ports. Because the only difference between the T568A and T568B pin and pair assignments are that pairs 2 and 3 are swapped, a crossover cable may be envisioned as a cable with one modular connector following T568A and the other T568B (see TIA/EIA-568 wiring ).
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