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The list of 70 names introduces for the first time several well-known ethnonyms and toponyms important to biblical geography, [4] such as Noah's three sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, from which 18th-century German scholars at the Göttingen school of history derived the race terminology Semites, Hamites, and Japhetites.
An extensive list of descendants of Noah, known as the Table of Nations, begins by listing Noah's immediate children: Ham, Shem, Japheth. It then proceeds to detail their descendants. It then proceeds to detail their descendants.
2 On this chart Noah is listed as having lived 502 years when he begat Shem and this calculation is based on the birth year of Arphaxad. [45] [non-primary source needed] The extra-biblical Book of Jasher also mentions that Noah was 502 years old when his wife Naamah bore Shem. [46] [non-primary source needed]
Ham [a] (in Hebrew: חָם), according to the Table of Nations in the Book of Genesis, was the second son of Noah [1] and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut and Canaan. [2] [3] Ham's descendants are interpreted by Josephus and others as having populated Africa. The Bible refers to Egypt as "the land of Ham" in Psalm 78:51; 105:23, 27; 106:22; 1 ...
Shem [r] Ham [r] Japheth [r Table of Nations. Within the book of Genesis, the Table of Nations is an extensive list of descendants of Noah, which appears within ...
[7] [8] Genesis 9:24 calls Ham the youngest, [8] and Genesis 10:21 refers ambiguously to Shem as "brother of Japheth the elder", which could mean that either is the eldest. [9] Most modern writers accept Shem–Ham–Japheth as reflecting their birth order, but this is not always the case: Moses and Rachel also appear at the head of such lists ...
In the Book of Jubilees (160–150 BC), considered canon by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church as well as Beta Israel, the names of the wives are given as Emzara, wife of Noah; Sedeqetelebab, wife of Shem; Na'eltama'uk, wife of Ham; and Adataneses, wife of Japheth. It adds that the three sons each built a city named after their wives.
De Natura Rerum, Chapter XLVIII, 2 (translation): . So the earth may be divided into three sides (trifarie), of which one part is Europe, another Asia, and the third is called Africa.