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The Kirkbride Plan was a system of mental asylum design advocated by American psychiatrist Thomas Story Kirkbride (1809–1883) in the mid-19th century. The asylums built in the Kirkbride design, often referred to as Kirkbride Buildings (or simply Kirkbrides ), were constructed during the mid-to-late-19th century in the United States.
Thomas Story Kirkbride (July 31, 1809 – December 16, 1883) was a physician, alienist, hospital superintendent for the Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital, and primary founder of the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane (AMSAII), the organizational precursor to the American Psychiatric Association.
Psychiatrists, also known as medical superintendents, collaborated with architects to enhance the new social environment of the insane asylum. A series of plans, such as the Kirkbride plan and the Cottage plan, resulted from this collaboration, developed using theories that would help facilitate the treatment of patients.
The Kirkbride Plan refers to a system of mental asylum design advocated by Philadelphia psychiatrist Thomas Story Kirkbride (1809–1883) in the mid-19th century. Hospitals built in the Kirkbride design were mostly constructed from the mid-19th century to the turn of the 20th century in the United States.
Thomas Story Kirkbride, the hospital's first superintendent and physician-in-chief, developed a more humane method of treatment for the mentally ill there, that became widely influential. The hospital's plan became a prototype for a generation of institutions for the treatment of the mentally ill nationwide. [1]
Kirkbride placed a direct emphasis on fresh air, sunlight, and exercise, and believed they were directly involved in treating mental illness. When it came to layout, the Kirkbride Plan prescribed a v-shaped grounds with one central administrative building. The Kirkbride Plan was also known as the “congregate plan” or “linear plan”.
The rally took place at Kirkbride Hall, one of the few revamped buildings that once made up the expansive Letchworth Village Developmental Center. ... Hochul's 2025 budget plan includes a 1.5% ...
The Athens Lunatic Asylum, now a mixed-use development known as The Ridges, [2] was a Kirkbride Plan mental hospital operated in Athens, Ohio, from 1874 until 1993.During its operation, the hospital provided services to a variety of patients including Civil War veterans, children, and those declared mentally unwell.