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The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial cells , known as hair cells , which respond to displacement caused by motion and transduce these ...
The fish lateral line consists of thousands of hair cells. [3] In fish, a neuromast is a fine hair-like structure that uses transduction of rate coding to transmit the directionality of the signal. [4] Each neuromast has a direction of maximum sensitivity providing directionality. [5]
The lateral line in fish and aquatic forms of amphibians is a detection system of water currents, consisting mostly of vortices. The lateral line is also sensitive to low-frequency vibrations. It is used primarily for navigation, hunting, and schooling. The mechanoreceptors are hair cells, the same mechanoreceptors for vestibular sense and hearing.
Ampullae of Lorenzini are physically associated with and evolved from the mechanosensory lateral line organs of early vertebrates.Passive electroreception using ampullae is an ancestral trait in the vertebrates, meaning that it was present in their last common ancestor. [7]
The lateral line is clearly visible as a line of receptors running along the side of this Atlantic cod. The lateral line is a sense organ used to detect movement and vibration in the surrounding water. For example, fish can use their lateral line system to follow the vortices produced by fleeing prey. In most species, it consists of a line of ...
Some schooling fish also have a lateral line running the length of their bodies. This lateral line enables the fish to sense changes in water pressure and turbulence adjacent to its body. This lateral line enables the fish to sense changes in water pressure and turbulence adjacent to its body.
A lineatus and similar surface feeding fish (e.g. Pantadon bucholzi) use a slightly modified lateral line organ called a neuromast to detect surface waves. A lineatus has 18 neuromasts (specialized vibration-sensitive lateral line organs) on the dorsal surface of the head of A lineatus. These are organized into three groups by longitudinal ...
Many fish also have chemoreceptors that are responsible for extraordinary senses of taste and smell. Although they have ears, many fish may not hear very well. Most fish have sensitive receptors that form the lateral line system, which detects gentle currents and vibrations, and senses the motion of nearby fish and prey. [53]