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However, Industry 4.0 principles have been investigated by several aerospace companies, and technologies have been developed to improve productivity where the upfront cost of automation cannot be justified. One example of this is the aerospace parts manufacturer Meggitt PLC's M4 project. [71]
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry in South Korea announced on 10 March 2016 that it had aided the construction of smart factories in 1,240 small and medium enterprises, which it said resulted in an average 27.6% decrease in defective products, 7.1% faster production of prototypes, and 29.2% lower cost. [22]
For example, 3D printers simplify the way of shaping pressing tools by printing the shape directly from steel granulate. [46] These tools enable new possibilities for designing (with high precision). Customization of vehicles is also enabled by IIoT due to the modularity and connectivity of this technology. [ 45 ]
An automatic factory is a place where raw materials enter, and finished products leave with little or no human intervention. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] One of the earliest descriptions of the automatic factory in fiction was the 1955 short story " Autofac ," by Philip K. Dick .
The idea of "digital manufacturing" became prominent in the early 1970s, with the release of Dr. Joseph Harrington's book, Computer Integrated Manufacturing. [5] However, it was not until 1984 when computer-integrated manufacturing began to be developed and promoted by machine tool manufacturers and the Computer and Automated Systems Association and Society of Manufacturing Engineers (CASA/SME).
This is a valuable data source for Industry 4.0 to continuously improve the product design in the “NDE for Industry 4.0” process. [ 10 ] [ 18 ] Third, immersive training experiences, remote operation, intelligence augmentation, and data automation can enhance the NDE value proposition in terms of inspector safety and human performance in ...
The term 'learning factory' was first coined in the US in 1994, when the National Science Foundation (NSF) awarded a consortium of the Penn State University. Industry-related design projects have been supported on a 2000 m 2 facility with machines, tools, and materials. Real problems of the industry could be solved in a realistic environment.
Society 5.0, also known as the Super Smart Society, is a concept for a future society introduced by the Japanese government in 2016. [1] The plan aims to integrate technologies such as artificial intelligence into the existing society.