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Common issues that are the subject of public health interventions include obesity, [3] drug, tobacco, and alcohol use, [4] and the spread of infectious disease, e.g. HIV. [5] A policy may meet the criteria of a public health intervention if it prevents disease on both the individual and community level and has a positive impact on public health ...
The five control knobs for health-sector reform. In "Getting Health Reform Right: A Guide to Improving Performance and Equity," [2] Marc Roberts, William Hsiao, Peter Berman, and Michael Reich of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health aim to provide decision-makers with tools and frameworks for health care system reform.
Interventions in population health "shift the distribution of health risk by addressing the underlying social, economic and environmental conditions" [7] and are implemented through "programs or policies designed and developed in the health sector, but they are more likely to be in sectors elsewhere, such as education, housing or employment". [7]
Proponents of healthcare reforms involving expansion of government involvement to achieve universal healthcare argue that the need to provide profits to investors in a predominantly free market health system, and the additional administrative spending, tends to drive up costs, leading to more expensive provision.
Healthcare reform in the United States has had a long history.Reforms have often been proposed but have rarely been accomplished. In 2010, landmark reform was passed through two federal statutes: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), signed March 23, 2010, [1] [2] and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (), which amended the PPACA and became law on March ...
Much of the historical debate around healthcare reform centered around single-payer healthcare, and particularly pointing to the hidden costs of treating the uninsured [310] while free-market advocates point to freedom of choice in purchasing health insurance [311] [312] [313] and unintended consequences of government intervention, citing the ...
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society". [1] According to the World Health Organization, an explicit health policy can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future; it outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it builds consensus and informs people.
The 1978 World Health Organization (WHO) declaration at Alma-Ata was the first formal acknowledgment of the importance of intersectoral action for health. [5] The spirit of Alma-Ata was carried forward in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (adopted in Ottawa in 1986), which discussed "healthy public policies" as a key area for health promotion.