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- 109 S High St #100, Columbus, OH · Directions · (614) 224-4261
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Lithium is teratogenic and can cause birth defects at high doses, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. The use of lithium while breastfeeding is controversial; however, many international health authorities advise against it, and the long-term outcomes of perinatal lithium exposure have not been studied. [6]
A bottle of lithium capsules. Lithium is the prototypical mood stabilizer. A mood stabilizer is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders characterized by intense and sustained mood shifts , such as bipolar disorder and the bipolar type of schizoaffective disorder .
John Frederick Joseph Cade AO [1] [2] [3] (18 January 1912 – 16 November 1980) was an Australian psychiatrist who in 1948 discovered the effects of lithium carbonate as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder, then known as manic depression.
Bipolar disorder is a serious mental health condition affecting 2.8 percent of adults in the United States. It involves episodes of mania (extreme highs) and depression (intense lows).
In 1948, lithium was first used as a psychiatric medicine. One of the most important discoveries was chlorpromazine , an antipsychotic that was first given to a patient in 1952. In the same decade, Julius Axelrod carried out research into the interaction of neurotransmitters, which provided a foundation for the development of further drugs. [ 9 ]
Lithium has the best overall evidence and is considered an effective treatment for acute manic episodes, preventing relapses, and bipolar depression. [141] [142] Lithium reduces the risk of suicide, self-harm, and death in people with bipolar disorder. [143] Lithium is preferred for long-term mood stabilization. [66]
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