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Beringia sea levels (blues) and land elevations (browns) measured in metres from 21,000 years ago to present. Beringia is defined today as the land and maritime area bounded on the west by the Lena River in Russia; on the east by the Mackenzie River in Canada; on the north by 72° north latitude in the Chukchi Sea; and on the south by the tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula. [1]
Archeologists disagree [6] whether it was across this Bering Land Bridge, also called Beringia, that humans first migrated from Asia to populate the Americas, [5] [7] or whether it was via a coastal route. [8] Bering Land Bridge National Monument was established in 1978 by Presidential proclamation under the authority of the Antiquities Act. [9]
Beringia National Park (Russian: Берингия) is on the eastern tip of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug ("Chukotka"), the most northeastern region of Russia. It is on the western (i.e., Asian) side of the Bering Strait .
Defense Mapping Agency topographical map of the Bering Strait, 1973. From at least 1562, European geographers thought that there was a Strait of Anián between Asia and North America. In 1648, Semyon Dezhnyov probably passed through the strait, but his report did not reach Europe. Danish-born Russian navigator Vitus Bering entered it in 1728.
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Map of Beringia showing the Seward Peninsula. The Seward Peninsula is a large peninsula on the western coast of the U.S. state of Alaska whose westernmost point is Cape Prince of Wales . The peninsula projects about 200 mi (320 km) into the Bering Sea between Norton Sound , the Bering Strait , the Chukchi Sea , and Kotzebue Sound , just below ...
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Figure 2. Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia (long chronology, single source model). The Ancient Beringian (AB) is a human archaeogenetic lineage, based on the genome of an infant found at the Upward Sun River site (dubbed USR1), dated to 11,500 years ago. [1]