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DOCSIS employs a mixture of deterministic access methods for upstream transmissions, specifically time-division multiple access (TDMA) for DOCSIS 1.0/1.1 and both TDMA and S-CDMA for DOCSIS 2.0 and 3.0, with a limited use of contention for bandwidth reservation requests. In TDMA, a cable modem requests a time to transmit and the CMTS grants it ...
USB 1.1 — a/b, S 0: 3 1 — 4.88 (de) 4.77 (a-ch) 4.85 (en, annex a) 4.83 (en, annex b) FRITZ!Box Fon WLAN 7170 SL ADSL2+ — 4 Fast b/g 2.4 54 1 USB 1.1 — 3 1 — 4.81 In Germany only as OEM version FRITZ!Box Fon WLAN 7240 ADSL2+ — 4 Fast b/g/n a 2.4 5.0 300 1 Type A 2 0 64 6.06 FRITZ!Box Fon WLAN 7270 v1 ADSL2+ — 4 Fast b/g/n a 2.4 5. ...
For example, a single link PCIe 3.0 interface has an 8 Gbit/s transfer rate, yet its usable bandwidth is only about 7.88 Gbit/s. z Uses 8b/10b encoding , meaning that 20% of each transfer is used by the interface instead of carrying data from between the hardware components at each end of the interface.
If the HFC network is large, the cable modem termination system can be grouped into hubs for efficient management. Several standards have been used for cable internet, but the most common is DOCSIS. [1] A cable modem at the customer is connected via coaxial cable to an optical node, and thus into an HFC network.
The BT Home Hub 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 devices connect to the Internet using a standard ADSL connection. The BT Home Hub 3 and 4 models support PPPoA for ADSL and PPPoE for VDSL2, in conjunction with an Openreach-provided VDSL2 modem to support BT's FTTC network (BT Infinity). Version 5 of the Home Hub, released in August 2013, includes a VDSL2 modem ...
The written USB 3.0 specification was released by Intel and its partners in August 2008. The first USB 3.0 controller chips were sampled by NEC in May 2009, [4] and the first products using the USB 3.0 specification arrived in January 2010. [5] USB 3.0 connectors are generally backward compatible, but include new wiring and full-duplex operation.
The Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) is an international standards consortium that publishes specifications for networking over coaxial cable.The technology was originally developed to distribute IP television in homes using existing cabling, but is now used as a general-purpose Ethernet link where it is inconvenient or undesirable to replace existing coaxial cable with optical fiber or ...
Cable modems can have a problem known in industry jargon as "flap" or "flapping". [23] A modem flap is when the connection by the modem to the head-end has been dropped (gone offline) and then comes back online. The time offline or rate of flap is not typically recorded, only the incidence.