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Fluoroantimonic acid is the strongest superacid based on the measured value of its Hammett acidity function (H 0), which has been determined for various ratios of HF:SbF 5. The H 0 of HF is −15. [5] A solution of HF containing 1 mol % of SbF 5 is −20. The H 0 is −21 for 10 mol%. For > 50 mol % SbF 5, the H 0 is between −21 and −23.
The Schlosser base (or Lochmann-Schlosser base), the combination of n-butyllithium and potassium tert-butoxide, is commonly cited as a superbase. n -Butyllithium and potassium tert -butoxide form a mixed aggregate of greater reactivity than either component reagent.
The mixture owes its extraordinary acidity to the weakness of proton acceptors (and electron pair donors) (Brønsted or Lewis bases) in solution. Because of this, the protons in fluoroantimonic acid and other superacids are popularly described as "naked", being readily donated to substances not normally regarded as proton acceptors, like the C ...
Carborane acids H(CXB 11 Y 5 Z 6) (X, Y, Z = H, Alk, F, Cl, Br, CF 3) are a class of superacids, [1] some of which are estimated to be at least one million times stronger than 100% pure sulfuric acid in terms of their Hammett acidity function values (H 0 ≤ –18) and possess computed pK a values well below –20, establishing them as some of the strongest known Brønsted acids.
Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 /K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base. The conjugate of a weak acid is often a weak base and vice versa.
Strong bases hydrolyze in water almost completely, resulting in the leveling effect." [7] In this process, the water molecule combines with a strong base, due to the water's amphoteric ability; and, a hydroxide ion is released. [7] Very strong bases can even deprotonate very weakly acidic C–H groups in the absence of water.
Greenstein would go on to become one of the world’s strongest men, bending steel with his bare hands, biting through nails, and once stopping an airplane with his hair. Many believe he was the ...
Astroloy, the strongest known nickel-base superalloy in the Western world at that time, was used instead. Waspaloy was also used initially for the diffuser case, the part that joins the compressor to the combustor and that contains the highest pressure in the engine.