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The term domain is also commonly used in a different sense in mathematical analysis: a domain is a non-empty connected open set in a topological space. In particular, in real and complex analysis , a domain is a non-empty connected open subset of the real coordinate space R n {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{n}} or the complex coordinate space C n ...
with domain, the range of , sometimes denoted or (), [4] may refer to the codomain or target set (i.e., the set into which all of the output of is constrained to fall), or to (), the image of the domain of under (i.e., the subset of consisting of all actual outputs of ). The image of a function is always a subset of the codomain of the ...
The term range is sometimes ambiguously used to refer to either the codomain or the image of a function. A codomain is part of a function f if f is defined as a triple ( X , Y , G ) where X is called the domain of f , Y its codomain , and G its graph . [ 1 ]
For example, the relation + + = defines y as an implicit function of x, called the Bring radical, which has as domain and range. The Bring radical cannot be expressed in terms of the four arithmetic operations and n th roots.
The image of a function is the image of its entire domain, also known as the range of the function. [3] This last usage should be avoided because the word "range" is also commonly used to mean the codomain of f . {\displaystyle f.}
Interpretation for surjective functions in the Cartesian plane, defined by the mapping f : X → Y, where y = f(x), X = domain of function, Y = range of function. Every element in the range is mapped onto from an element in the domain, by the rule f. There may be a number of domain elements which map to the same range element.
For example, the entire complex plane is a domain, as is the open unit disk, the open upper half-plane, and so forth. Often, a complex domain serves as the domain of definition for a holomorphic function. In the study of several complex variables, the definition of a domain is extended to include any connected open subset of C n.
These properties concern the domain, the codomain and the image of functions. Injective function: has a distinct value for each distinct input. Also called an injection or, sometimes, one-to-one function. In other words, every element of the function's codomain is the image of at most one element of its domain.