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Lungfish are freshwater vertebrates belonging to the class Dipnoi. [1] Lungfish are best known for retaining ancestral characteristics within the Osteichthyes , including the ability to breathe air, and ancestral structures within Sarcopterygii , including the presence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton.
Rhipidistia includes Porolepiformes and Dipnoi. Extensive fossilization of lungfishes has contributed to many evolutionary studies of this group. Evolution of autostylic jaw suspension, in which the palatoquadrate bone fuses to the cranium, and the lymph pumping " lymph heart " (later lost in mammals and flying birds ), are unique to this group.
Porolepiformes is an order of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian period (about 416 to 359 million years ago). They are thought to represent the sister group to lungfish (class Dipnoi). [1] The group contains two families: Holoptychiidae and Porolepididae.
Sarcopterygii (/ ˌ s ɑːr k ɒ p t ə ˈ r ɪ dʒ i. aɪ /; from Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx) 'flesh' and πτέρυξ (ptérux) 'wing, fin') — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii (from Ancient Greek κροσσός (krossós) 'fringe') — is a clade (traditionally a class or subclass) of vertebrate animals which includes a group of bony fish commonly referred to as lobe ...
The South American lungfish is an extraordinary creature - in some sense, a living fossil. Inhabiting slow-moving and stagnant waters in Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana ...
Also known as the leopard lungfish, it is found in Eastern and Central Africa, as well as the Nile region. At 133 billion base pairs , [ 4 ] it has the largest known genome of any animal and one of the largest of any organism , along with the flowering plant Paris japonica , the fern Tmesipteris oblanceolata and the protist Polychaos dubium at ...
Furthermore, the African lungfish is commonly used for food consumption in many African regions. In Ugandan fish markets, African lungfish can frequently be found. According to some studies, Uganda caught between 15,000 and 22,000 tons of lungfish from 1976 to 1985, but this number decreased from 1985 to 1989.
They share membership in this clade with lungfish and tetrapods. Externally, several characteristics distinguish coelacanths from other lobe-finned fish. They possess a three-lobed caudal fin, also called a trilobate fin or a diphycercal tail. A secondary tail extending past the primary tail separates the upper and lower halves of the coelacanth.