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The group SO(3) can therefore be identified with the group of these matrices under matrix multiplication. These matrices are known as "special orthogonal matrices", explaining the notation SO(3). The group SO(3) is used to describe the possible rotational symmetries of an object, as well as the possible orientations of an object in space.
The orthogonal group is sometimes called the general orthogonal group, by analogy with the general linear group. Equivalently, it is the group of n × n orthogonal matrices , where the group operation is given by matrix multiplication (an orthogonal matrix is a real matrix whose inverse equals its transpose ).
The set of n × n orthogonal matrices, under multiplication, forms the group O(n), known as the orthogonal group. The subgroup SO(n) consisting of orthogonal matrices with determinant +1 is called the special orthogonal group, and each of its elements is a special orthogonal matrix. As a linear transformation, every special orthogonal matrix ...
Noting that any identity matrix is a rotation matrix, and that matrix multiplication is associative, we may summarize all these properties by saying that the n × n rotation matrices form a group, which for n > 2 is non-abelian, called a special orthogonal group, and denoted by SO(n), SO(n,R), SO n, or SO n (R), the group of n × n rotation ...
In mathematics, the special orthogonal group in three dimensions, otherwise known as the rotation group SO(3), is a naturally occurring example of a manifold.The various charts on SO(3) set up rival coordinate systems: in this case there cannot be said to be a preferred set of parameters describing a rotation.
In geometry, a point group in three dimensions is an isometry group in three dimensions that leaves the origin fixed, or correspondingly, an isometry group of a sphere.It is a subgroup of the orthogonal group O(3), the group of all isometries that leave the origin fixed, or correspondingly, the group of orthogonal matrices.
These matrices are traceless, Hermitian, and obey the extra trace orthonormality relation, so they can generate unitary matrix group elements of SU(3) through exponentiation. [1] These properties were chosen by Gell-Mann because they then naturally generalize the Pauli matrices for SU(2) to SU(3), which formed the basis for Gell-Mann's quark ...
Orthogonal matrix: A matrix whose inverse is equal to its transpose, A −1 = A T. They form the orthogonal group. Orthonormal matrix: A matrix whose columns are orthonormal vectors. Partially Isometric matrix: A matrix that is an isometry on the orthogonal complement of its kernel. Equivalently, a matrix that satisfies AA * A = A.