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The hydraulic diameter is the equivalent circular configuration with the same circumference as the wetted perimeter. The area of a circle of radius R is . Given the area of a non-circular object A, one can calculate its area-equivalent radius by setting = or, alternatively:
The ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter is π (pi), an irrational constant approximately equal to 3.141592654. The ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius is 2 π. [a] Thus the circumference C is related to the radius r and diameter d by: = =.
In geometry, the area enclosed by a circle of radius r is πr 2.Here, the Greek letter π represents the constant ratio of the circumference of any circle to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159.
The term circumference is used when measuring physical objects, as well as when considering abstract geometric forms. When a circle's diameter is 1, its circumference is . When a circle's radius is 1—called a unit circle—its circumference is .
Equivalent diameter – Radius of a circle or sphere equivalent to a non-circular or non-spherical object Eratosthenes , who calculated the diameter of the Earth around 240 BC. Graph or network diameter – Length of shortest path between two nodes of a graph
The circumference of a circle with radius r is 2πr. The area of a circle with radius r is πr 2. The area of an ellipse with semi-major axis a and semi-minor axis b is πab. The volume of a sphere with radius r is 4 / 3 πr 3. The surface area of a sphere with radius r is 4πr 2.
Since C = 2πr, the circumference of a unit circle is 2π. In mathematics, a unit circle is a circle of unit radius—that is, a radius of 1. [1] Frequently, especially in trigonometry, the unit circle is the circle of radius 1 centered at the origin (0, 0) in the Cartesian coordinate system in the Euclidean plane.
Ptolemy used a circle of diameter 120, and gave chord lengths accurate to two sexagesimal (base sixty) digits after the integer part. [2] The chord function is defined geometrically as shown in the picture. The chord of an angle is the length of the chord between two points on a unit circle separated by that central angle.