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The Canadian dollar (symbol: $; code: CAD; French: dollar canadien) is the currency of Canada.It is abbreviated with the dollar sign $. There is no standard disambiguating form, but the abbreviations Can$, CA$ and C$ are frequently used for distinction from other dollar-denominated currencies (though C$ remains ambiguous with the Nicaraguan córdoba).
The methodology and data used for the index set it apart from several existing metrics, such as the ICE U.S. Dollar Index, Dow Jones FXCM Dollar Index and FTSE Curex USD/G8 Index. The WSJ Dollar Index is a trade weighted index but unlike some of the other metrics, the WSJ Dollar Index captures the impact of capital flows on currency volumes, a ...
For a more exhaustive discussion of countries using the U.S. dollar as official or customary currency, or using currencies which are pegged to the U.S. dollar, see International use of the U.S. dollar#Dollarization and fixed exchange rates and Currency substitution#US dollar. Countries using the U.S. dollar as their official currency include:
In order to determine which is the fixed currency when neither currency is on the above list (i.e. both are "other"), market convention is to use the fixed currency which gives an exchange rate greater than 1.000. This reduces rounding issues and the need to use excessive numbers of decimal places.
The market convention is to quote most exchange rates against the USD with the US dollar as the base currency (e.g. USDJPY, USDCAD, USDCHF). The exceptions are the British pound (GBP), Australian dollar (AUD), the New Zealand dollar (NZD) and the euro (EUR) where the USD is the counter currency (e.g. GBPUSD, AUDUSD, NZDUSD, EURUSD).
Purchasing power parity exchange rate is used when comparing national production and consumption and other places where the prices of non-traded goods are considered important. (Market exchange rates are used for individual goods that are traded). PPP rates are more stable over time and can be used when that attribute is important.
The Joachimsthaler of the Kingdom of Bohemia was the first thaler (dollar). Dollar is the name of more than 25 currencies.The United States dollar, named after the international currency known as the Spanish dollar, was established in 1792 and is the first so named that still survives.
The primary functions which distinguish money are: medium of exchange, a unit of account, a store of value and sometimes, a standard of deferred payment. Money was historically an emergent market phenomenon that possessed intrinsic value as a commodity ; nearly all contemporary money systems are based on unbacked fiat money without use value .