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Lumen maintenance is the most useful gauge to determine the ... controlling the voltage output to the lamps based on the set level ... LM-80 specifies a minimum ...
The lumen (symbol: lm) is the unit of luminous flux, a measure of the perceived power of visible light emitted by a source, in the International System of Units (SI). Luminous flux differs from power ( radiant flux ), which encompasses all electromagnetic waves emitted, including non-visible ones such as thermal radiation ( infrared ).
lumen per square metre lm/m 2: L −2 ⋅J: Luminous flux emitted from a surface Luminous exposure: H v: lux second: lx⋅s L −2 ⋅T⋅J: Time-integrated illuminance Luminous energy density ω v: lumen second per cubic metre lm⋅s/m 3: L −3 ⋅T⋅J: Luminous efficacy (of radiation) K: lumen per watt: lm/W: M −1 ⋅L −2 ⋅T 3 ⋅J ...
A foot-candle (sometimes foot candle; abbreviated fc, lm/ft 2, or sometimes ft-c) is a non-SI unit of illuminance or light intensity. The foot-candle is defined as one lumen per square foot. This unit is commonly used in lighting layouts in parts of the world where United States customary units are used, mainly the United States. [ 1 ]
A 230-volt LED filament lamp, with an E27 base. The filaments are visible as the eight yellow vertical lines. An assortment of LED lamps commercially available in 2010: floodlight fixtures (left), reading light (center), household lamps (center right and bottom), and low-power accent light (right) applications An 80W Chips on board (COB) LED module from an industrial light luminaire, thermally ...
Luminous efficacy can be normalized by the maximum possible luminous efficacy to a dimensionless quantity called luminous efficiency.The distinction between efficacy and efficiency is not always carefully maintained in published sources, so it is not uncommon to see "efficiencies" expressed in lumens per watt, or "efficacies" expressed as a percentage.
High-lumen retrofit lamps for 40W T12 lamps in North America. Popular tube diameter in Japan; Circular 32W and 40W T10 lamps (Older versions of the 32W and 40W T9 lamps) T12 T38 1 + 1 ⁄ 2: 38.1 G13 bi-pin; Fa8 single-pin; R17d recessed double contact; One of the first diameters of fluorescent lamps, with the 15W T12 and 20W T12 having been ...
The efficacy of fluorescent tubes ranges from about 16 lumens per watt for a 4 watt tube with an ordinary ballast to over 100 lumens per watt [51] with a modern electronic ballast, commonly averaging 50 to 67 lm/W overall. [52] Ballast loss can be about 25% of the lamp power with magnetic ballasts, and around 10% with electronic ballasts.