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The reaction was first observed in 1833. [2] In Poland, the biuret test is also known as Piotrowski's test in honor of the Polish physiologist Gustaw Piotrowski who independently rediscovered it in 1857. [3] Several variants on the test have been developed, such as the BCA test and the Modified Lowry test. [4]
Benedict's reagent is a deep-blue aqueous solution. Each litre contains: [4] 17.3 g copper sulfate; 173 g sodium citrate; 100 g anhydrous sodium carbonate or, equivalently, 270 g sodium carbonate decahydrate
The specificity of the test is equal to 1 minus the false positive rate. In statistical hypothesis testing, this fraction is given the Greek letter α, and 1 − α is defined as the specificity of the test. Increasing the specificity of the test lowers the probability of type I errors, but may raise the probability of type II errors (false ...
The analyte can be a drug, biochemical substance, chemical element or compound, or cell in an organism or organic sample. [1] [2] An assay usually aims to measure an analyte's intensive property and express it in the relevant measurement unit (e.g. molarity, density, functional activity in enzyme international units, degree of effect in ...
The rate of a reaction is the concentration of substrate disappearing (or product produced) per unit time (mol L −1 s −1). The % purity is 100% × (specific activity of enzyme sample / specific activity of pure enzyme). The impure sample has lower specific activity because some of the mass is not actually enzyme.
[1] [2] MIC testing is performed in both diagnostic [1] [2] and drug discovery laboratories. [3] [4] The MIC is determined by preparing a dilution series of the chemical, adding agar or broth, then inoculating with bacteria or fungi, and incubating at a suitable temperature.
[1] [2] A bioassay can be either quantal or quantitative, direct or indirect. [3] If the measured response is binary, the assay is quantal; if not, it is quantitative. [3] A bioassay may be used to detect biological hazards or to give an assessment of the quality of a mixture. [4]
When n is greater than 30, this is a good approximation of results from more sensitive tests. For example, a pain-relief drug is tested on 1500 human subjects, and no adverse event is recorded. From the rule of three, it can be concluded with 95% confidence that fewer than 1 person in 500 (or 3/1500) will experience an adverse event.