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The ground was held on a year-to-year basis and rent was often paid in labour. Usually, the land available to the cottier class was land that the owners considered unprofitable for any other use. The cottier existed at subsistence level because of high rents and the competition for land and labour. The more prosperous cottier worked for his ...
The Irish Land Commission was created by the British crown in 1843 to "inquire into the occupation of the land in Ireland. The office of the commission was in Dublin Castle, and the records were, on its conclusion, deposited in the records tower there, from whence they were transferred in 1898 to the Public Record Office". [ 1 ]
The commission was dissolved on 31 March 1999, by the Irish Land Commission (Dissolution) Act 1992, and most of the remaining liabilities and assets were transferred to the Minister for Agriculture and Food. [32] Many relevant historical records are held by the National Archives of Ireland.
During the 19th century, there were many cases of middlemen renting the land and then sub-letting on conacre to desperate landless labourers or cottiers at a high profit. [ 2 ] In March 2009, a ruling by the Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland removed tax relief on land with development potential which has been let under conacre.
The Public Records Office of Ireland c. 1900. In 1867, under the reign of Queen Victoria, the British Parliament passed the Public Records (Ireland) Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 70) to establish the Public Record Office of Ireland which was tasked with collecting administrative, court and probate records over twenty years old. [5]
Burke's Landed Gentry (originally titled Burke's Commoners) is a reference work listing families in Great Britain and Ireland who have owned rural estates of some size. The work has been in existence from the first half of the 19th century, and was founded by John Burke .
Known as sub-division, this inheritance practice continued by tradition until the middle of the 19th century. The growth of population inevitably caused subdivision. Population grew from a level of about 500,000 in 1000 AD to about 2 million by 1700, and 5 million by 1800.
The Encumbered Estates' Court was established by an act of the British Parliament in 1849, the Incumbered Estates (Ireland) Act 1849 (12 & 13 Vict. c. 77), to facilitate the sale of Irish estates whose owners, because of the Great Famine, were unable to meet their obligations. [1]