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Indonesia is home to over 700 living languages, creoles, and dialects spoken across its extensive archipelago. [1] [2] This significant linguistic variety constitutes approximately 10% of the world’s total languages, [3] positioning Indonesia as the second most linguistically diverse nation globally, following Papua New Guinea. [4]
Central Sulawesi province: Sigi regency, South Kulawi and Pipikoro sub-districts, 32 villages on Lariang river and tributaries; South Sulawesi province: north Luwu regency, enclave within Seko Padang [skx] language area; south Pasangkayu regency, Mamuju sub-district; West Sulawesi province: Lariang river west bank area.
Other languages of Dayaks: 1,478,696 0.69 23 Bengkulu Malay: 1,438,278 0.67 24 Other spoken languages in Sumatra: 1,345,387 0.63 25 Other languages of Southeast Sulawesi: 1,047,750 0.49 26 Other languages of West Nusa Tenggara: 1,020,035 0.48 27 Other languages of Lampung province 914,656 0.43 28 Other languages of North Sulawesi: 875,861 0.41 29
In 1945, Javanese was easily the most prominent language in Indonesia. It was the native language of nearly half the population, the primary language of politics and economics, and the language of courtly, religious, and literary tradition. [31] What it lacked, however, was the ability to unite the diverse Indonesian population as a whole.
Indonesian is the official and national language of Indonesia, [32] widely spoken by over 97% of the population. [33] However, Indonesia is a highly multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 regional languages spoken across the Indonesian archipelago. This extensive linguistic diversity accounts for about 10% of the ...
Most spoken languages, Ethnologue, 2024 [4] Language Family Branch First-language (L1) speakers Second-language (L2) speakers Total speakers (L1+L2) English (excl. creole languages) Indo-European: Germanic: 380 million 1.135 billion 1.515 billion Mandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese, but excl. other varieties) Sino-Tibetan: Sinitic: 941 ...
Bati language (Indonesia) Batuley language; Bedoanas language; Beginci language; Belitung Malay; Benggoi language; Bengkulu language; Betawi language; Biatah language; Bible translations into the languages of Indonesia and Malaysia; Bilba language; Bima language; Blagar language; Bobot language; Brebes Sundanese; Bukar–Sadong language; Bukat ...
Major Austronesian languages include Malay (around 250–270 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named "Indonesian"), [5] Javanese, Sundanese, Tagalog (standardized as Filipino [6]), Malagasy and Cebuano. According to some estimates, the family contains 1,257 languages, which is the second most of any language family.