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Given a line and any point A on it, we may consider A as decomposing this line into two parts. Each such part is called a ray and the point A is called its initial point. It is also known as half-line (sometimes, a half-axis if it plays a distinct role, e.g., as part of a coordinate axis). It is a one-dimensional half-space. The point A is ...
A monograph on this topic summarizes an extensive amount of published research in this area up to 1986, [19] [20] [21] including subsections in the following areas: computer modeling in biology and medicine, arterial system models, neuron models, biochemical and oscillation networks, quantum automata, quantum computers in molecular biology and ...
Mathematical physiology is an interdisciplinary science.Primarily, it investigates ways in which mathematics may be used to give insight into physiological questions. In turn, it also describes how physiological questions can lead to new mathematical problems.
A light ray is a line or curve that is perpendicular to the light's wavefronts (and is therefore collinear with the wave vector). A slightly more rigorous definition of a light ray follows from Fermat's principle, which states that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. [1]
Starting with the real numbers, the corresponding projective "line" is geometrically a circle, and then the extra point / gives the shape that is the source of the term "wheel". Or starting with the complex numbers instead, the corresponding projective "line" is a sphere (the Riemann sphere ), and then the extra point gives a 3-dimensional ...
In geometry, a half-space is either of the two parts into which a plane divides the three-dimensional Euclidean space. [1] If the space is two-dimensional, then a half-space is called a half-plane (open or closed).
A line refers to a long, thin projection, often with a rough surface. Ridge and crest refer to a long, narrow line. [10] Unlike many words used to describe anatomical terms, the word ridge is derived from Old English. [11] [b] A spine, as well as referring to the spinal cord, may be used to describe a relatively long, thin projection or bump.
The widely accepted interpretation of, e.g. the Poggendorff and Hering illusions as manifestation of expansion of acute angles at line intersections, is an example of successful implementation of a "bottom-up," physiological explanation of a geometrical–optical illusion. Ponzo illusion in a purely schematic form and, below, with perspective clues