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The Madeira archipelago is located 520 km (280 nmi) from the African coast, 805 km (430 nmi) from the closest point in the European coast (the Portuguese town of Sagres, in Algarve) and 1,000 km (540 nmi) from the capital of Portugal, Lisbon (approximately a one-and-a-half-hour flight). [55]
Madeira is a Portuguese island, and is the largest and most populous of the Madeira Archipelago. It has an area of 740.7 km 2 (286 sq mi), including Ilhéu de Agostinho, Ilhéu de São Lourenço, Ilhéu Mole (northwest).
Funchal (Portuguese pronunciation: ⓘ) is the capital, largest city and a municipality in Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean.The city has a population of 105,795, [1] making it the sixth largest city in Portugal.
One site, the Laurisilva, is located in the island of Madeira and is Portugal's only natural site; the other sites are cultural. Two sites are located in the Azores archipelago. The Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde is shared with Spain, making it Portugal's only transnational site. [3]
Madeira airport as seen in 1990, pre-runway extension. Madeira Airport was officially opened on 7 July 1964, with a single 1,600 m (5,200 ft) runway (06/24). The first flight to land there was a TAP Air Portugal Lockheed Constellation with 80 passengers on board. [11]
The Madeira evergreen forests is a laurissilva ecoregion of southwestern Europe. It covers the archipelago of Madeira and some nearby islands ( Desertas and Selvagens ) in the Atlantic Ocean. Laurel forest , known as Laurisilva of Madeira , once covered the islands.
In addition to continental Europe, Portugal consists of two Autonomous Regions in the Atlantic Ocean, consisting of the archipelagos of Madeira and Azores. Madeira is located on the African Tectonic Plate, and comprises the main island of Madeira, Porto Santo and the smaller Savage Islands.
The settlement of Madeira and Porto Santo islands was a process defined by stages involving people from all over the kingdom. [2] In 1425 King John I officially made Madeira a full province of Portugal, handing it as a gift to Henry the Navigator. Settlement then began in earnest.
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