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Colours of India — silk yarn waiting to be made into sarees, Kanchipuram. In India, about 97% of the raw mulberry silk is produced in the Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. [1] Mysore and North Bangalore, the upcoming site of a US$20 million "Silk City", contribute to a majority of silk production. [2]
Sericulture, or silk farming, is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk. Although there are several commercial species of silkworms, the caterpillar of the domestic silkmoth is the most widely used and intensively studied silkworm.
It is under the administrative control of Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. [1] [2] References
Wild silks are often referred to in India as 'Vanya' silks: The term 'Vanya' is of Sanskrit origin, meaning untamed, wild, or forest-based. Muga, Tasar, and Eri silkworms are not fully tamed and the world calls the silks they produce as 'wild silks'. [8] India produces four kinds of silk: mulberry, tasar, muga and eri.
After India gained independence, the Mysore State Sericulture Dept. took control of the silk weaving factory. [6] In 1980, the factory was handed over to KSIC, a government of Karnataka industry. [7] Today, products include silk sarees, shirts, kurta's, silk dhoti, and neckties. Mysore silk has also received geographical identification. [8]
The total number of sericulture farmers and weavers in Murshidabad district was 38,040 and 25,778 respectively in 2002, which declined to 14,593 and 15,160 in 2012. [6] According to experts, degradation of silkworm species, various administrative and organizational problems are responsible for the decline of sericulture.
The knowledge of sericulture probably arrived with the Tibeto-Burman groups which arrived from China around the period of 3000-2000 BC. Moreover, there was another trade of Silk through the Southwestern Silk road which started from China, passed through Burma and Assam, finally getting connected to the main silk road in Turkmenistan.
The Silk Mark Expo 2024 was conducted for the first time in Chandigarh from 4/12/24 by the Silk Mark Organization of India- Central Silk Board, in collaboration with the Sericulture Wing, Department of Horticulture, Punjab. This expo was launched to encourage silk farming in Punjab, to act as a platform for artisans and traders from all over ...