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The Union now controlled the entire perimeter surrounding Richmond–Petersburg, completely cutting it off from the Confederacy. Realizing the capital was now lost, Lee's army and the Confederate government were forced to evacuate. The Confederate capital fell on April 2–3, to the Union XXV Corps, composed of black troops
The main prewar agricultural products of the Confederate States were cotton, tobacco, and sugarcane, with hogs, cattle, grain and vegetable plots. Pre-war agricultural production estimated for the Southern states is as follows (Union states in parentheses for comparison): 1.7 million horses (3.4 million), 800,000 mules (100,000), 2.7 million dairy cows (5 million), 5 million sheep (14 million ...
The United States needed $3.1 billion to pay for the immense armies and fleets raised to fight the Civil War—over $400 million just in 1862 alone. [69] Apart from tariffs, the largest revenue by far came from new excise taxes—a sort of value added tax—that was imposed on every sort of manufactured item.
Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, also known as "the Confederacy." Led by Jefferson Davis , the Confederacy fought against the United States (the Union ), which was supported by all the free states (where slavery had been abolished) and by five slave states ...
The War for the Union: The Improvised War 1861–1862 (Scribner, 1959). Phillips, Christopher. The Rivers Ran Backward: The Civil War and the Remaking of the American Middle Border (Oxford University Press, 2016). Robinson, Michael D. A Union Indivisible: Secession and the Politics of Slavery in the Border South (University of North Carolina ...
The Union economy grew and prospered during the war while fielding a very large Union Army and Union Navy. [1] The Republican Party in Washington, D.C. had a Whiggish vision of an industrialized country , with great cities, efficient factories, productive farms, all national banks, all knit together by a modern railroad system, to be mobilized ...
Similarly it is noted approximately 40,000 Irishmen (0.1% of the population), and 10,000 Englishmen (0.04% of the population) would sign on to serve the Confederacy, while 170,000 Irish (2.9% of the population), and 50,000 British (0.2% of the population) would fight for the Union, a ratio of 4.6:1 in favour of Union service.
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