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Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 CO 3 and its various hydrates.All forms are white, odourless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water.
Sodium bisulfite (or sodium bisulphite, sodium hydrogen sulfite) is a chemical mixture with the approximate chemical formula NaHSO 3. Sodium bisulfite is not a real compound, [ 2 ] but a mixture of salts that dissolve in water to give solutions composed of sodium and bisulfite ions.
It can substitute for baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) for those with a low-sodium diet, [4] and it is an ingredient in low-sodium baking powders. [5] [6] As an inexpensive, nontoxic base, it is widely used in diverse application to regulate pH or as a reagent. Examples include as buffering agent in medications, an additive in winemaking.
Sodium: Solid Na: 0 Sodium: Gas Na: 107.5 Sodium bicarbonate: Solid NaHCO 3: −950.8 Sodium carbonate: Solid Na 2 CO 3: −1130.77 Sodium chloride: Aqueous NaCl −407.27 Sodium chloride: Solid NaCl −411.12 Sodium chloride: Liquid NaCl −385.92 Sodium chloride: Gas NaCl −181.42 Sodium chlorate: Solid NaClO 3: −365.4 Sodium fluoride ...
Most of the carbonic acid then dissociates to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3), bicarbonate ion (HCO − 3), and carbon dioxide (CO 2) in order to maintain pH in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues, to support proper ...
As modelled by the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation, in severe cases this can be reversed by administering intravenous bicarbonate solution. If the partial pressure of C O 2 ( g ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {CO_{2}(g)} } does not change, this addition of bicarbonate solution will raise the blood pH.