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In version control systems, a repository is a data structure that stores metadata for a set of files or directory structure. [1] Depending on whether the version control system in use is distributed, like Git or Mercurial, or centralized, like Subversion, CVS, or Perforce, the whole set of information in the repository may be duplicated on every user's system or may be maintained on a single ...
Git's design uses some ideas from Monotone, but the two projects do not share any core source code. Git has a much stronger focus on high performance, inspired by the lengthy history and demanding distributed modes of collaboration used by Torvalds and the other Linux kernel authors. Torvalds later commented on Monotone's design and performance:
The command to create a local repo, git init, creates a branch named master. [61] [111] Often it is used as the integration branch for merging changes into. [112] Since the default upstream remote is named origin, [113] the default remote branch is origin/master. Some tools such as GitHub and GitLab create a default branch named main instead.
Often, the development branch is the trunk. Some revision control systems have specific jargon for the main development branch. For example, in CVS, it is called the "MAIN" branch. Git uses "master" by default, although GitHub [4] [5] and GitLab switched to "main" after the murder of George Floyd.
It expands upon RCS by adding support for repository-level change tracking, and a client-server model. [5] Files are tracked using the same history format as in RCS, with a hidden directory containing a corresponding history file for each file in the repository. CVS uses delta compression for efficient storage of different versions of the same ...
Sites such as GitHub, Bitbucket and Launchpad provide free DVCS hosting expressly supporting independent branches, such that the technical, social and financial barriers to forking a source code repository are massively reduced, and GitHub uses "fork" as its term for this method of contribution to a project.
This technique is used by the Git revision control tool. (Git's recursive merge implementation also handles other awkward cases, like a file being modified in one version and renamed in the other, but those are extensions to its three-way merge implementation; not part of the technique for finding three versions to merge.)
Grischka also set up a public Git repository for the project [19] that contains a mob branch [20] where numerous contributions, including a shared build, cross-compilers, and SELinux compatibility were added. Grischka's GIT repository later became the official TCC repository (linked to by Fabrice Bellard's Savannah project page [21]).