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A facial expression database is a collection of images or video clips with facial expressions of a range of emotions. Well-annotated ( emotion -tagged) media content of facial behavior is essential for training, testing, and validation of algorithms for the development of expression recognition systems .
For example, when Western individuals are asked to identify an emotional expression on a specific face, in an experimental task, they focus on the target's facial expression. Japanese individuals use the information of the surrounding faces to determine the emotional state of the target face. [ 29 ]
In discrete emotion theory, all humans are thought to have an innate set of basic emotions that are cross-culturally recognizable.These basic emotions are described as "discrete" because they are believed to be distinguishable by an individual's facial expression and biological processes. [1]
The forced choice method determines the emotion attributed to the facial expressions via the labels that are presented. [26] That is, participants will select the best match to the facial expression even if it is not the emotion label they would have provided spontaneously and even if they would not have labeled the expression as an emotion at all.
Social situations induce facial expressions in toddlers and children in early childhood, although there is not enough evidence to indicate that they understand these expressions as emotions. For example, a young child could express sadness when his or her mother is in the room in order to elicit a nurturing reaction from her. [ 2 ]
The development of FACS tools for different species allows the objective and anatomical study of facial expressions in communicative and emotional contexts. Furthermore, a cross-species analysis of facial expressions can help to answer interesting questions, such as which emotions are uniquely human. [21]
According to Ekman (1992), each of these emotions have universally corresponding facial expressions as well. [ 13 ] In addition to the facial expressions that are said to accompany each emotion, there is also evidence to suggest that certain autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity is associated with the three emotions of fear, anger, and disgust.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 February 2025. Pictorial representation of a facial expression using punctuation marks, numbers and letters Not to be confused with Emoji, Sticker (messaging), or Enotikon. "O.O" redirects here. For other uses, see O.O (song) and OO (disambiguation). This article contains Unicode emoticons or emojis ...