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During this period, the Church was also a major patron of engineering for the construction of elaborate cathedrals. Since the Renaissance, Catholic scientists have been credited as fathers of a diverse range of scientific fields: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) pioneered heliocentrism, René Descartes (1596-1650) father of analytical geometry and co-founder of modern philosophy, Jean-Baptiste ...
In the second half of the 19th century the term was also applied to theologians and intellectuals like Ignaz von Döllinger, St. George Jackson Mivart, John Zahm, and Franz Xaver Kraus who wanted to reconcile the Catholic faith with the standards of modern science and society in general.
This is a list of Catholic philosophers and theologians whose Catholicism is important to their works. Their names are ordered chronologically from earliest to latest in time based on their dates of birth.
Catholic theology distinguishes two senses of Scripture: the literal and the spiritual. [37] The literal sense of understanding scripture is the meaning conveyed by the words of Scripture and discovered by exegesis , following the rules of sound interpretation.
Liberal Christianity, also known as liberal theology and historically as Christian Modernism (see Catholic modernism and Fundamentalist–Modernist controversy), [1] is a movement that interprets Christian teaching by prioritizing modern knowledge, science and ethics. It emphasizes the importance of reason and experience over doctrinal authority.
Natural theology, once also termed physico-theology, [1] is a type of theology that seeks to provide arguments for theological topics (such as the existence of a deity) based on reason and the discoveries of science, the project of arguing for the existence of God on the basis of observed natural facts, and through natural phenomena viewed as ...
The Catholic Encyclopedia pinpoints Aquinas' definition of quiddity as "that which is expressed by its definition." [ 13 ] The quiddity or form of a thing is what makes the object what it is: "[T]hrough the form, which is the actuality of matter, matter becomes something actual and something individual", [ 14 ] and also, "the form causes matter ...
Theologian John F. Haught of Georgetown University. John F. Haught is an American theologian. He is a Distinguished Research Professor at Georgetown University. He specializes in Roman Catholic systematic theology, with a particular interest in issues pertaining to physical cosmology, evolutionary biology, geology, and Christianity.