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  2. Single market - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_market

    A single market, sometimes called common market or internal market, is a type of trade bloc in which most trade barriers have been removed (for goods) with some common policies on product regulation, and freedom of movement of the factors of production (capital and labour) and of enterprise and services.

  3. Economic expansion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_expansion

    Economic expansion can be affected by external factors such as technological changes or weather conditions, [7] or by internal factors such as a country's fiscal policy, [8] monetary policy, regulatory policy, [9] interest rates, the availability of credit, or other impacts on producer incentives. Global events, such as pandemics, may also ...

  4. Macroeconomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomics

    Economists interested in long-run increases in output study economic growth. Advances in technology, accumulation of machinery and other capital, and better education and human capital, are all factors that lead to increased economic output over time. However, output does not always increase consistently over time.

  5. Econodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econodynamics

    Economic events are considered as processes of creation, motion and distribution of value that is firstly measured as exchange value.The factor interpretation of the exchange value, accepted by Econodynamics, is based on the Smith-Marx's labour theory of value, according to which efforts of workers are the most essential production factor.

  6. Factors of production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factors_of_production

    In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce output—that is, goods and services. The utilised amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function .

  7. Returns to scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Returns_to_scale

    [2] [3] [4] However, this relationship breaks down if the firm does not face perfectly competitive factor markets (i.e., in this context, the price one pays for a good does depend on the amount purchased). For example, if there are increasing returns to scale in some range of output levels, but the firm is so big in one or more input markets ...

  8. Endogenous growth theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogenous_growth_theory

    In the mid-1980s, a group of growth theorists became increasingly dissatisfied with common accounts of exogenous factors determining long-run growth, such as the Solow–Swan model. They favored a model that replaced the exogenous growth variable (unexplained technical progress) with a model in which the key determinants of growth were explicit ...

  9. Market environment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_environment

    The internal environment "consists of those relevant physical and social factors within the boundaries of the organization or specific decision unit that are taken directly into consideration in the decision-making behavior of individuals in that system". [1]