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Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This results in breaks or interruptions in the voice, often every few sentences, which can make a person difficult to understand. [ 1 ]
Recently, the procedure of deep brain stimulation (DBS) has proven successful in a number of cases of severe generalised dystonia. [43] DBS as treatment for medication-refractory dystonia, on the other hand, may increase the risk of suicide in patients. However, reference data of patients without DBS therapy are lacking. [44]
In the past, dopamine blocking agents have been used in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Treatment was based on the theory that there is an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the basal ganglia. These drugs have fallen out of fashion due to various serious side effects: sedation, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia. [16]
No data are available on mortality associated with dopamine-responsive dystonia, but patients surviving beyond the fifth decade with treatment have been reported. However, in severe, early autosomal recessive forms of the disease, patients have been known to pass away during childhood. Girls seem to be somewhat more commonly affected.
Ramdev (born Ram Kisan Yadav [a]; between 1965—1975), also known by the prefix Baba, is an Indian yoga guru [8] and businessman. [9] [3] He is primarily known for being a proponent of yoga and ayurveda in India. [10] [3] Ramdev has been organizing and conducting large yoga camps since 2002 and broadcasting his yoga sessions on various TV ...
Treatment to control the chorea and dyskinesia in the early stages of DTDS is done with tetrabenazine and benzodiazepines. The dystonia is more difficult to control and the first-line agents include pramipexole and ropinirole ; adjuncts include trihexyphenidyl , baclofen , gabapentin , and clonidine for severe dystonia, and chloral hydrate and ...
Torsion dystonia, also known as dystonia musculorum deformans, is a disease characterized by painful muscle contractions resulting in uncontrollable distortions. This specific type of dystonia is frequently found in children, with symptoms starting around the ages of 11 or 12.
Patanjali Food and Herbal Park in Haridwar is the company's main production facility. With a production capacity of ₹ 35,000 crore (equivalent to ₹ 470 billion or US$5.4 billion in 2023), it is expanding to a capacity of ₹ 60,000 crore (equivalent to ₹ 860 billion or US$10 billion in 2023) through new production units in Noida, Nagpur, and Indore.