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The Bund's influence significantly decreased without Kuhn. A year after the outbreak of World War II, Congress enacted a peacetime military draft in September 1940. The Bund counseled members of draft age to evade conscription, a criminal offense punishable by up to five years in jail and a $10,000 fine. Gerhard Kunze fled to Mexico in November ...
Created before the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP), [15] the Bund was a founding collective member at the RSDLP's first congress in Minsk in March 1898. [16] [17] Three out of nine delegates at the Minsk congress were from the Bund, and one of three members of the first RSDLP Central Committee was a Bundist. [18]
All this was illegal and had to be done clandestinely, and all members of the Vilna Group were arrested at various points. This group was one of the forerunners of the General Union of Jewish Workers of Lithuania, Poland and Russia (known as the "Bund"), founded on October 7, 1897. [2]
Frederick Trump (born Friedrich Trump; German: [fʁi:dʁɪç tʁʊmp]; March 14, 1869 – May 30, 1918) was a German-American businessman.He was the patriarch of the Trump family and the paternal grandfather of the 45th and 47th U.S. president, Donald Trump.
Bundism was a secular Jewish socialist movement whose first organizational manifestation was the General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland, and Russia (Yiddish: אַלגעמײנער ייִדישער אַרבעטער־בונד אין ליטע, פוילין און רוסלאַנד, romanized: Algemeyner yidisher arbeter-bund in Lite, Poyln un Rusland), founded in the Russian ...
She was born in 1902 to a German nationalist family. She never completed gymnasium , [ 2 ] and joined the German nationalist youth movement by the 1920s, [ 3 ] becoming a Bund Deutscher Mädel leader. [ 4 ]
Members of the Willis family that married into the Bund family in 1836 include: Frederick Smythe Willis, mayor of Willoughby, New South Wales, and a founder member of the Corporation of Accountants of Australia; the clergyman and author William Downes Willis; and the engineer and archaeologist Leslie R. H. Willis.
According to Szweber, the activities of the Landrat were hampered by splits within the party which were being organized by Communist party members in the 1920s and '30s. [1] While in Warsaw Szweber became one of the members of Bund's Central Committee. [1] In 1938 she was elected to the Warsaw City Council, together with sixteen other Bund ...